Profound tributes have been shared for Bahram Beyzai, a colossus of Iranian cinema and theatre, who has died aged 87 in the US.
The front pages of Iranian newspapers lament his loss, with opposition voices and those who reflect nostalgically on the pre-revolution period also paying homage to Beyzai.
"His passing is an immense tragedy for the art and culture of our country," said the exiled prince, the exiled son of the last Shah of Iran.
Even though Beyzai's subsequent works were banned in the 1980s by the theocratic government, a host of prominent officials in the present administration have also acknowledged his legacy to Iranian culture.
Many of the contemporary generation of Iranian filmmakers have expressed their gratitude to him. Award-winning director Jaafar Panahi said that Beyzai showed them "how to stand up to oblivion."
Beyzai steered clear of overtly political content in his work, both as a playwright and a film director, and always said he tried not to deal in overt messages.
But his work over many decades sets archetypal characters in conflict with oppressive structures of power.
Hailing from a lineage of celebrated poets, Beyzai was steeped in the deepest traditions of Iranian artistry from birth.
He first rose to prominence as a theater writer, drawing on Persian legend and ritual.
A lifelong fan of cinema, he transitioned to filmmaking in the 1970s.
He gained acclaim as one of the pivotal artists in the groundbreaking movement of Persian film.
His most productive period spanned the time of the Shah and then the revolutionary government that overthrew him—with each regime constantly poised to sniff out hidden messages that could be interpreted as dissent.
"Beyzai never opted for the easy way. He endured years of marginalization, imposed silence, and distance, but he never abandoned his language and his convictions," stated Jaafar Panahi in his tribute.
A few years after the 1979 Revolution, he produced what many consider his magnum opus, Bashu, the Little Stranger, about a small boy who tries to find shelter from the Iran-Iraq war.
It was banned in Iran—as were other films he made in that time—but later chosen by critics as the best Iranian film of all time.
The film was screened in a newly remastered print at this year's Venice Film Festival, winning an award for outstanding feature in the classics section.
Beyzai finally left Iran in 2010 and spent his later years in the US, where he lectured on Iranian culture.
Although he went into exile, his wife, the actress Shamsai, said just hearing the word "Iran" would still bring tears to his eyes—and he remained ever hopeful for a new culture and future for his native land.